"In summary, all of the far-flung activities of the adult person are motivated by the energy of the life and death instincts. Anything that a person does is either (1) a direct expression of an instinct, in which case it would be a simple id object-choice like eating, sleeping, eliminating, and copulating, or (2) it is motivated by a combination of instincts, or (3) it represents a compromise between driving and resisting forces, or (4) it grows out of an ego defense."
- Calvin Hall, A Primer on Freudian Psychology
Quite a succinct summary of human behavior. What's funny to me is just a few pages prior to where I took that quote there is a passage in which the author is beginning his ascent to the previously quoted summary and he dismisses another possible explanation by saying it would't be economical and science likes economy. Whatever is true or not about the above statement, it is undoubtedly economical.
Unlike myself actually. My use of words has precedent only in the confederate states of america's printing of currency and there is I fear a similar phenomenon of inflation. In any case here I am again and tonight I am moved to speak about what is happening in Cairo.
I wish to preface my commentary with a brief but gratuitous explanation of how I heard the news of what's happened in Egypt myself. I've settled comfortably into my nocturnal summer routine and as I was laying down to sleep yesterday I found myself, as I often do, watching Morning Express with Robin Meade. It is something of a guilty pleasure because oh my god is she gorgeous but I rationalize it by telling myself it's news. Which it is...mostly.
Anyways so as I'm going to sleep I hear the military in Egypt told the President to step down or they would remove him. I wake up and they removed him. It's a fascinating occurrence because it is such a clear example of the conflict between idealism and pragmatism in democracy. Here you have a country which two years ago demanded democracy and thanks to the alliance of the military with the people were given a shot at it. A constitution is written, elections take place, a president is elected and a year passes. What appears to be a majority of Egyptians feel too little has been done in the way of creating democratic institutions and allowing for a broad spectrum of viewpoints. So they take to the streets again and again the military sides with them.
Certainly it's not a precedent you want if you are a fan of democracy. The military intervening on a bi-annual basis to assert its authority over the civilian government. However it appears that absent this action democracy would have also been endangered, perhaps more so. Our own history is filled with examples of authoritarian and anti-democratic actions on the part of our chief executive. Washington put down a rebellion between winning the revolutionary war and assuming the presidency. Lincoln suspended Habeas Corpus, pushed through a conscription act, an income tax not to mention the 13th-15th amendments under dubious legislative circumstances. And yet these actions undoubtedly saved democracy in our country.
So I apologize that the analysis just given is really no better than some shitty cable news show but it is interesting to contemplate and there is not much to know about it yet. What's left is to wait and see what happens.
Good Times
Thursday, July 4, 2013
Wednesday, July 3, 2013
Now Transmitting Directions for a Leap of Faith
"...one reason why the ego fails to develop is that too much of its energy is tied up in its defenses. This is a vicious circle. The defenses can not be given up because the ego is inadequate, and the ego remains inadequate as long as it relies upon the defenses. How can the ego break out of this cycle?"
- Calvin Hall from A Primer on Freudian Psychology
Knowledge is power they say, and it is. But it is a broad power that releases slowly over time. The conscious mind is like a large ship which turns slowly. Real change brought about by conscious will takes a massive and continuous expenditure of energy over a long period of time. When I think about this I feel simultaneously hopeful and overwhelmed.
Other powers exist though. Let me tell you for a moment about Shostakovich 7. There are an always growing number of masterpieces on my bucket list of pieces to listen to. It is comforting to me to consider the number of great works which exist on this planet which I have not yet experienced. I have purposely delayed listening to Beethoven 8 and Mahler 3 and the list goes on and on. I save them like wine in a cellar and when the occasion arrives I pop open a bottle and really listen to it. That's the thing I want to sit down and listen to something. Not listen while doing another thing but just listen. I popped open Shostakovich 7 the other night and had my first drink.
I have been particularly excited about this piece because I have heard stories about the Bernstein version with Chicago from various sources that have described it as an unbelievable performance. I remember reading a book in high school which listed it as the only true perfect performance and Bernstein himself regarded it as one of his three best recordings. So I was excited to get to know it.
It is an enormous work, roughly an hour and a half. The first movement alone is nearly a half hour. It begins with this exclamatory but sort of ordinary sounding introduction. It's almost as if it represents life before some traumatic event which when reflected back on is remembered as naive and innocent and vulnerable. This makes it hard to fully enjoy the big moments in the beginning. You feel like you're watching someone in a moment of ecstasy with the knowledge that their life is about to come crashing down on itself.
From there the first movement peels itself apart, becoming thinner and thinner until really just a single folk sounding melody remains. This melody is passed about and repeated and eventually begins to transform itself as the first dark presence of the piece is felt. There is a rhythmic stability imposed which permeates throughout the climax of the first movement and becomes at times relentless in its aiding of the agony expressed. Like an aid to the evil committed it pushes it along and props it up, gives it structure and clarity.
The totality of the agony conveyed is unapproachable by words. It is disjunct and relentless and projects a level of destruction which is difficult to absorb. While this section is not easy to talk about, it is I think the emotional heart of the piece. Everything that comes before it is leading to it and everything after an attempt to understand, heal and rebuild from it.
The remainder of the first movement again winds itself down layer by layer until only a thin texture remains. The remaining movements move through alternating stages of healing and further grief and in the triumphant moments of the final movement there even seems to be some kind of answer. With Shostakovich there is always so much beneath the surface to be considered. He was a man writing as both an artist and a survivor. He had things to say and yet was terrified to say them. He learned to conceal his true message beneath that which was necessary to keep himself and his family safe.
The power of this music is different than knowledge because it is penetrates deeply into experience. I have the sensation of being filled with it as I listen, propping me up higher and taller. It has the effect of turning the mind, conscious and unconscious, towards a new sight. It points us in a new direction or it shocks us out of an old way of thinking or it reminds us of something important, perhaps even revealing what is truly important. This is, in a limited and incomplete account, why I love music. It is a complete human experience. Two pieces have sustained me during these past few weeks of self imposed psychological demolition, Mahler 6 and Shostakovich 7. I feel immensely grateful for these courageous and talented men who were able to bottle a bit of their lives and their understanding and transmit it for the benefit of humanity. I feel a connection to these men which is strong and large and sustains me, it is a pure love. Not something which comes easy.
Good Times
- Calvin Hall from A Primer on Freudian Psychology
Knowledge is power they say, and it is. But it is a broad power that releases slowly over time. The conscious mind is like a large ship which turns slowly. Real change brought about by conscious will takes a massive and continuous expenditure of energy over a long period of time. When I think about this I feel simultaneously hopeful and overwhelmed.
Other powers exist though. Let me tell you for a moment about Shostakovich 7. There are an always growing number of masterpieces on my bucket list of pieces to listen to. It is comforting to me to consider the number of great works which exist on this planet which I have not yet experienced. I have purposely delayed listening to Beethoven 8 and Mahler 3 and the list goes on and on. I save them like wine in a cellar and when the occasion arrives I pop open a bottle and really listen to it. That's the thing I want to sit down and listen to something. Not listen while doing another thing but just listen. I popped open Shostakovich 7 the other night and had my first drink.
I have been particularly excited about this piece because I have heard stories about the Bernstein version with Chicago from various sources that have described it as an unbelievable performance. I remember reading a book in high school which listed it as the only true perfect performance and Bernstein himself regarded it as one of his three best recordings. So I was excited to get to know it.
It is an enormous work, roughly an hour and a half. The first movement alone is nearly a half hour. It begins with this exclamatory but sort of ordinary sounding introduction. It's almost as if it represents life before some traumatic event which when reflected back on is remembered as naive and innocent and vulnerable. This makes it hard to fully enjoy the big moments in the beginning. You feel like you're watching someone in a moment of ecstasy with the knowledge that their life is about to come crashing down on itself.
From there the first movement peels itself apart, becoming thinner and thinner until really just a single folk sounding melody remains. This melody is passed about and repeated and eventually begins to transform itself as the first dark presence of the piece is felt. There is a rhythmic stability imposed which permeates throughout the climax of the first movement and becomes at times relentless in its aiding of the agony expressed. Like an aid to the evil committed it pushes it along and props it up, gives it structure and clarity.
The totality of the agony conveyed is unapproachable by words. It is disjunct and relentless and projects a level of destruction which is difficult to absorb. While this section is not easy to talk about, it is I think the emotional heart of the piece. Everything that comes before it is leading to it and everything after an attempt to understand, heal and rebuild from it.
The remainder of the first movement again winds itself down layer by layer until only a thin texture remains. The remaining movements move through alternating stages of healing and further grief and in the triumphant moments of the final movement there even seems to be some kind of answer. With Shostakovich there is always so much beneath the surface to be considered. He was a man writing as both an artist and a survivor. He had things to say and yet was terrified to say them. He learned to conceal his true message beneath that which was necessary to keep himself and his family safe.
The power of this music is different than knowledge because it is penetrates deeply into experience. I have the sensation of being filled with it as I listen, propping me up higher and taller. It has the effect of turning the mind, conscious and unconscious, towards a new sight. It points us in a new direction or it shocks us out of an old way of thinking or it reminds us of something important, perhaps even revealing what is truly important. This is, in a limited and incomplete account, why I love music. It is a complete human experience. Two pieces have sustained me during these past few weeks of self imposed psychological demolition, Mahler 6 and Shostakovich 7. I feel immensely grateful for these courageous and talented men who were able to bottle a bit of their lives and their understanding and transmit it for the benefit of humanity. I feel a connection to these men which is strong and large and sustains me, it is a pure love. Not something which comes easy.
Good Times
Monday, July 1, 2013
to change or not to change
Here is the fundamental question I think for which we turn to psychology for an answer: Are humans capable of change? At some point in our lives we find ourselves baffled by the seeming incongruity of our actions with what we believe to be our desires. We choose partners that are no good for us, we engage in destructive behavior, we fail to accomplish the things we believe we want most in this world. Upon realizing these behaviors we then find ourselves engaged in the daunting task of #1 understanding them and then #2 setting out to change them.
The Dr. Phil/Asshole-Ignorant Reneck approach is to advise people to "just do it". Now I do believe there is tremendous power to the idea that our minds create reality. That we are the authors of our own reality and that the thoughts we think play a paramount role in shaping our lives. So consequently it follows that if we exercise strong determination in our thoughts we can have an important effect on our lives. The problem though is when this "just do it" approach fails to account for the various complexities and nuances of the mind and how it can come to be corrupted. When a person finds themself in real trouble in their lives, whether its addiction or self destructive behavior or mental illness or whatever, I believe what is largely happening is that their mind is in conflict with itself. One part of the mind wants one thing and another a different thing and these forces become engaged in mental violence against oneself. So to simply advise someone to lift themselves up by their own boot straps is to fail to account for the complex nature of the human mind.
For Freud he believes these conflicts are the result of clashes between either the id and the ego or the ego and the superego. For Freud the id represents sort of our animal instincts towards pleasure. Things like the desire to eat food when hungry or to feel relief from pain or to have sex when aroused. The id wants these things and when we fail to choose to act on them, the id and the ego find themselves in conflict. The ego is the driver of human decision making and thus responsible for action. The ego is sort of deputized by the id according to Freud to carry out the wishes of the id through the process of identification. The ego learns through time and experience how best to achieve the goals of seeking pleasure and avoiding pain and thus allows a person to become increasingly good at them. However the ego is also influenced by the superego which represents sort of a persons moral code, which Freud believed to be inherited form one's parents and environmental authority figures. So while the id may seek sexual gratification and the ego may recognize rape as a means of achieving that gratification, the ego is restrained by that impulse by the superego which instructs the ego of the punishment that will occur if that action is taken.
So is Freud onto something here? Is internal conflict the result of the collision of these competing forces? It doesn't feel quite sufficient to me but I am not fully able to articulate why. I know from my own experience that there are forces within me that are controlling my actions which are not conscious. I do not recognize them to be mere pain/pleasure instincts but rather they feel to me to be self destructive forces. Freud might call this the death instinct, which he purposes along with the life instinct as the two main forces of human behavior. I found it fascinating that Freud found himself contemplating the same ancient time as Robert Pirsig, another author whose thoughts have impacted me deeply, in considering the earth just before life came into being on the planet. For Pirsig the context for this exercise in imagination was a recognition of the force which propelled matter in a stable inorganic state to reconstitute itself into the chaotic and instable form of life. Specifically Pirsig cited this is an example of nature violation the second law of thermodynamics which says that all energy is winding down like a clock to a stable form, or to paraphrase all life is moving towards death. Why then, Pirsig asked, would nature in such a state of stability prior to life move against itself towards a less stable form of energy? For Pirsig the answer was Dynamic Quality which is our nature.
What's interesting is Freud sees the same process and is sort of dismissive of the phenomenon of life creation and dwells instead on the difficulty life had in coming into existence in that context of death. He said that at first it took a great amount of energy to create life and that the life which was created was very short and simple organisms. Freud postulated that the energy force creating life had to keep creating it in the beginning because the force of death would act so strongly upon it. Eventually he said, life developed the ability to create itself and evolved over time into more and more complex states allowing for much greater lengths of resistance of death. What he took from this though is that we have within us that force which wants to move towards death, towards stability and inorganic matter.
Isn't it interesting that these two great thinkers firstly stumbled upon the same thought puzzle so to speak and secondly that they came away with such different conclusions. It is reminiscent of Yin and Yang, two opposing forces, creating and destroying. Maybe that's the real source of internal human conflict. Maybe what is fighting within us is the simultaneous forces of life and death. We are at once filled with the desire to live, which for me includes things like learning, growth, joy, love, transcendence, passion, helping other people, teaching, kindness and the impulse to create, and the desire to die, which for me includes things like anger, hate, numbness, the desire to hurt others, to destroy, to disrupt and confuse. Perhaps what prevents us from resolving these conflicts is a failure to recognize the reality of the death instinct. It is so contrary to life and what we are, that maybe we repress its existence in order to avoid the pain of confronting it.
That too seems incomplete...
I know that for the past decade I felt like a mind divided and to paraphrase Lincoln in the corniest way possible, a mind divided against itself cannot stand. Perhaps this is what the buddhists talk about when they speak of the great deaths. The mind wages war against itself until one side is vanquished, and then from there rebuilding can occur. I have been afraid for sometime of the destruction that might be caused by my own mental war. I feel something difficult to explain and I'm sure it sounds crazy. I feel a sense of responsibility in ensuring my unconscious self remains under control. To borrow in part from Freud I feel like it is the responsibility of my ego as the arbiter of my decisions to not allow my unconscious to become free. I feel perhaps out of nothing more than infantile narcissism that my unconscious is powerful and dark and that it is capable of massive destruction. I also believe it may be capable one day of greatness but in its present form I am afraid of it. It seems angry to me. Like a volcano bubbling beneath the earth's surface. But I feel this responsibility to guard my own unconscious not out of fear of consequences or punishment but rather out of a love for people around me. A general love of people. One of the interesting dichotomies of my personality is that I have a genuine affection for people and a desire to help people both as individuals and in the collective, but I tend to regard human behavior quite sadly. We are all so propelled by these powerful unconscious forces that it mostly seems like we have no chance to change. Like we are outgunned by a factor of a million. But I have seen great change. I have embodied great change myself. Perhaps what is needed to unify the forces of a personality is not all that different from what is needed to unify the divided people of a country, an outside force to work against. Or maybe it's even possible to unify the mind in pursuit of something wholesome and pure, I believe that has been the case with music in my life at times.
So while I am currently in the trees and consequently unable to see the forest, the plan is to keep acting as if this change is occurring and see where it takes me.
Good Times.
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